However, sleep research indicates that over time, getting less sleep results in cognitive decline that goes unnoticed by our brains.   A 2003 study published in Sleep by Hans Van Dongen and colleagues ...

A grayscale ballerina who appears to be moving. A human who can fit in a doll box. A black-and-white prism which appear to change shape when viewed from three different directions. Those are the top ...

The past is myriad. When we search the past, whether our own memories or the historical record, we open ourselves to a variety of cognitive biases. Our belief that our memories are accurate and ...

We often mistake the "aha!" moment of a clear explanation for actual mastery. The feeling of learning can be a psychological illusion, but we can spot the difference.

Cognitive illusions are assumed to arise by interaction with assumptions about the world, leading to "unconscious inferences", an idea first suggested in the 19th century by Hermann Helmholtz.

The study of visual illusions in animals provides a compelling window into both the evolutionary continuity and diversity of perceptual processes. Research indicates that many species, from domestic ...

The perception of weight is a complex interplay between sensory inputs and prior expectations, with the size–weight illusion (SWI) being one of the most robust phenomena in this field. In the SWI, ...