In human cells, there are about 20,000 genes on a two-meter DNA strand—finely coiled up in a nucleus about 10 micrometers in diameter. By comparison, this corresponds to a 40-kilometer thread packed ...

Every cell in a body contains the same genetic sequence, yet each cell expresses only a subset of those genes. These cell-specific gene expression patterns, which ensure that a brain cell is different ...

Just as life pulsates in big vibrant cities, it also prospers in crowded environments inside cells. The interior of cells is densely packed with biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids. How is ...

Researchers have found hundreds of metabolic enzymes attached to human DNA inside the cell nucleus. Different tissues and cancers show unique patterns of these enzymes, forming a “nuclear metabolic ...

Rush hour never ceases at the nucleus’ border. Gene products begin their lives in the nucleus as strands of mRNA that ship out into the cytoplasm, where they serve as templates for protein synthesis.

The investigations of KIT researchers have shown that biomolecular condensates enable fast yet reliable activation of the right genes. “Biomolecular condensates are tiny drops that form in specific ...