Intro After writing two Io articles I return to Io  again my favourite moon, looking at one single lava flow field. But read Alberts and my two other Io posts first. Jupiter’s moon Io ...
The ground beneath Kilauea’s summit is swelling with fresh magma, and the next eruption could break through at any moment.
Volcanic crystals carry chemical gradients that fade at a known rate once magma cools or mixes. That fading preserves a crystal eruption timeline – one of volcanology’s most reliable timing tools, ...